8 Questions That Will Change How You Think About the Universe

About 95% of our universe consists of dark matter and energy, about which scientists know very little. They are just a hypothesis, which still needs to be confirmed 100%. Or maybe not confirmed. We have many other questions about the structure of the universe. For example: “What was before him?” and “Are there limits to outer space?”. In a nutshell, there are more questions than answers.

O awesome.club decided to find out how many unsolved problems modern scientists have.

“There was nothing”. That was the opinion of the great Stephen Hawking. According to the scientist, before the big Bangwhich happened 13.8 billion years ago, our universe was nothing… There was no matter, no time, no space. Of course, it is difficult to imagine “nothing”, because it means that there was no color or light, not even a vacuum; however, according to the scientist, this word better defines what was there before the emergence of the universe.

However, there is another theory that states that before our universe there were two others that “collapsed” between them and formed the world we know. In addition, there is a hypothesis, which today has virtually no followers, which argues that the universe has always existed and will never die.

According to the theory of Big Crunchor the Great Collapse, in Portuguese, after a while our universe will stop the expansion and start to reverse the process, by which it will return again to a singularity, that is, the same state it was in before the big Bang🇧🇷

Modern research says that the expansion rate of the universe does not decrease (which is necessary to start the countdown to the moment of “collapse”), but, on the contrary, increases. Therefore, this end of the universe, theoretically, cannot happen yet. But on the other hand, the mysterious dark energy that occupies about 68% of space at any given time may cause a surprise in the form of a sharp slowdown in expansion, which will be the first step towards the beginning of the end.

According to scientists, approximately 95.1% of our universe consists of dark matter and dark energy: the first represents 26.8%, and the second 68.3%. The hypothesis of the existence of dark matter was published in 1922, when a British scientist, D. Jeans, and his Dutch colleague J. Kapteyn, used this term for the first time in their work, assuming that most of the material that fills the universe it’s invisible.

Despite the fact that science has advanced in the last century, the existence of dark matter remains pure theory. Although its presence is confirmed by calculations, scientists still do not have precise data on the composition of this mysterious “substance”.

This is perhaps one of the most disturbing ideas in modern science. For example, Elon Musk believes that it would be better for humanity if we really were created by people from the future or an alien race as a giant simulation.

In 2006, Professor Seth Lloyd published the book Programming the Universe (Programming the Universe), well accepted in the scientific world and which states that our universe is a gigantic quantum computer, while atoms and electrons are nothing more than bits of information. It seems surprising that famous scientists would seriously consider such scenarios, but remembering that even Einstein’s theory of relativity does not rule out time travel, they are less fantastic.

In 2015, Stephen Hawking solved the main “problem” of black holes: for a long time it was considered that the information that enters a black hole disappears forever without a trace. This went against some of the tenets of quantum mechanics, indicating that no information can disappear without a trace. The scientist suggested that the information of the object “swallowed” by the hole is stored in the form of a hologram. And particles coming out of a hole with Hawking radiation can read data from its surface. Thus, information does not disappear, which “reconciles” black holes with quantum mechanics.

However, in 2014 mathematician Laura Mersini-Houghton presented mathematical proof that such structures simply cannot exist. These calculations question not only the existence of black holes, but also the theory of big Bang🇧🇷

Calculations by Laura Mersini-Houghton deny the probability of the occurrence of a singularity – a point with an infinitely small size and an equally infinite density, and therefore the hypothesis recognized by modern science about the birth of our universe.

We used to believe that our universe is a unique and unrepeatable world, covering everything that has ever been and will ever be. However, the greatest modern physicists such as Stephen Hawking, Brian Greene, Neil Tyson and Michio Kaku, among others, believe that our “house” is just one part of a large “block” made up of exactly the same “houses”.

The multiple universes version allows scientists to “reconcile” contradictory physical theories: it is always possible to say that some work in one universe and others in another. Seriously speaking, the theory of cosmic inflation, recognized by science, confirms the existence of many universes, although at this stage in the development of science it is impossible to demonstrate their presence outside our “home”.

How our universe had a beginning, for which modern science considers the moment of big Bang, it is logical to assume that it also has limits, even in spite of its constant expansion. So the question arises: what is further ahead? This mystery becomes especially interesting if we reject the Multiverse theory.

So, let’s imagine that we reach the limits of our universe and… no one knows exactly what it will be. Also, at the moment there is no unanimity among scientists on the question of the existence of the limits of the universe, but many agree that it is finite and infinite at the same time. How it is? Imagine a traveler who walks on the surface of the Earth: he will never reach its borders, but sooner or later he will return to the starting point of his journey.

There are many theories of varying degrees of certainty about the origin of life on Earth. And although intelligent life exists only on one planet in the Solar System, there is a version that life itself as a form of existence of protein bodies appeared on Mars.

According to scientist Steve Brenner, at the time of the origin of life, about 3.7 billion years ago (by other estimates, 4.1 billion years), on our planet there was not enough boron and molybdenum oxide, which are indispensable. for the RNA. But how did the “rudiments” of life get to Earth? He claims they were brought by meteorites from the Red Planet, which indirectly confirmed the study of the Martian “visitor” found in Antarctica, which contained boron.

Do you think the universe has limits and can disappear in an instant?