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Wearing shorts or a miniskirt this summer is not in your plans because of spider veins and varicose veins? Get that idea out of your head now! Check out five safe and effective techniques that are capable of ending this problem.
What are varicose veins and spider veins?
If you are embarrassed to parade around in a miniskirt because of spider veins or varicose veins, know that you are not alone: three out of ten people have varicose veins and, guess what, most of them are women! In addition to being extremely unsightly, these dilated or bulging veins cause pain, a feeling of heaviness and, worse, can even cause a circulation problem. But stay calm! After all, there are several techniques (they can be used alone or in combination) that can solve the problem – one of them will definitely solve yours.
“The best treatment is the one that takes each case into consideration. Hence the importance of assessing the patient’s history, whether she spends a lot of time on her feet, smokes, is sedentary or not”, says vascular surgeon Ricardo Aun, from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein and professor at the University of São Paulo (USP). One recommendation applies to everyone, including prevention: you need to control your weight and work out at least three times a week. The best exercises are those that promote contraction and relaxation of the calf, such as walking, climbing stairs and stretching, as they stimulate blood circulation.
varicose veins x spider veins
Varicose veins are dilated superficial veins in the lower limbs. The cause is not yet known, but it is believed to have to do with genetics. They lose elasticity, distend and become longer. This explains why they are crooked – after all, they are longer and need to fit in the same space as before. There are also microvaricose veins, of bluish tones, which appear especially on the side of the thighs and knees and are a little smaller: the caliber varies from 2 to 4 millimeters. The thickest can reach up to 8 millimeters. It is worth remembering that varicose veins can also be narrow. In this case, they are popularly known as spider veins – they are easy to identify by color (reddish or purplish), location (the main targets are the thighs and buttocks) and thickness (up to 1 millimeter in diameter, like a strand of hair).
Treatments
foam sclerotherapy
Indication: vases.
How it is done: the doctor injects a foam based on glucose and polidocanol into the vessels, a substance that facilitates their drying. Some specialists still use the ultrasound device to visualize the channels and not pick up thicker veins.
The good side: the density of the foam makes the medicine concentrate in the vase, bringing immediate results.
Be careful: the action of the foam makes the treatment more aggressive, increasing the risk of staining the skin. Therefore, if you are dark-skinned or have a tendency to spots, talk to your doctor to find out if you should opt for another technique.
Number of sessions: one.
Glucose sclerotherapy
Indication: vases.
How it’s done: after passing an anesthetic cream over the area to be treated, the vascular surgeon or angiologist (the specialty that treats the problem) uses a fine needle to inject glucose with a concentration between 50% and 75% into the vessels. “The substance sticks to the inner wall of the vein and obstructs the passage of blood, leaving it invisible under the skin”, explains vascular surgeon Ricardo Aun. There is also cryosclerotherapy, which uses frozen glucose. The icy effect it causes reduces the burning of the application.
The good side: the method is old, safe and the most recommended by experts. Allows you to work out or wear high heels the very next day. In addition to the lower price, many health plans cover the procedure.
Beware: Glucose burns when injected, and the bites can leave bruises. In that case, you need to avoid the sun until the spots disappear, which can take up to two weeks. The procedure is contraindicated for those with diabetes.
Number of sessions: between five and seven, with an interval of one week between them.
laser sclerotherapy
Indication: vases.
How it’s done: the session does not require anesthetic and starts with the Nd:Yag 1064 laser shots. “The energy is absorbed by the blood pigments, heating and burning the vessels of up to 1 millimeter in diameter”, says vascular surgeon Alexandre Nicastro , from Hospital Samaritano, in São Paulo.
The good side: it is an option for those who are afraid of needles – here, they are replaced by small shocks. In most cases, stains do not appear after application. You can sunbathe.
Be smart: those who are tanned or very dark cannot do this at the risk of staining their skin.
Number of sessions: between three and seven, with an interval of one month.
endolaser surgery
Indication: varicose veins.
How it’s done: An ultrasound-guided cannula is inserted into the large-caliber vein, and as it is withdrawn, the laser is fired. With that, the varix dries and closes, interrupting the blood flow and reducing complications in the operation. The procedure can be performed under local or spinal anesthesia.
The good side: recovery is faster than with traditional surgery and less pain. “Usually, you go back to work two or three days later. However, if the varicose veins are large, rest can last up to 15 days”, says angiologist Ivanésio Merlo, president of the Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery Regional Fluminense (SBACV-RJ). Physical activity? After a month just like sunbathing.
Be careful: the laser is not indicated for dark or tanned skin, due to the risk of staining, nor for very thick varicose veins. “Energy cannot completely close them and they can reappear”, says Aline Lamaita, an angiologist from São Paulo.
Number of sessions: one.
traditional surgery
Indication: varicose veins.
How it is done: It involves the removal of large-caliber veins that are dilated and, therefore, compromise blood circulation and aesthetics. The surgeon makes a cut of 1 cm in the ankle and 2 cm in the groin where the saphenous vein is removed. In minor surgeries, cuts are made so small that they do not require stitches.
On the bright side: most insurance plans cover the procedure, which does not require stitches (a bandage is all it takes). The result is final.
Be smart: you’ll have to go two to three months without sunbathing and wearing elastic stockings. Therefore, leave the operation for the winter. It is also necessary to do absolute rest for four to 15 days and stay away from gymnastics for ten to 30 days.
Number of sessions: one.
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