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The monkey and banana experiment is not a scientific test, but a story that tells us about blind obedience to rules.
The monkey and banana experiment is a famous story that tells us about the social behavior of monkeys.. This turned out to be strikingly similar to what we humans have, although, based on the results obtained, many wonder if it is not the other way around.
For many, the monkey and banana experiment It’s a real metaphor about the way norms are incorporated into behavior, however absurd they may be. This story has been widely disseminated, despite the fact that its scientific bases are not really proven.
Nevertheless, It is very likely that in many human beings the same logic that is evident in this story prevails.. That is, we fail to see beyond the immediate, nor identify the true cause of a problem, nor find alternative solutions to achieve what we collectively propose.
«“A competent man is a man who makes mistakes according to the rules.”.
-Paul Valéry-
The authenticity of the monkey and banana experiment
The first thing to say is that the origin of the monkeys and bananas experiment is not totally clear. There are those who question its authenticity, although there are some bases that support it. The first time this experiment was talked about was in a blog by Michael Michalko, a business consultant who works in the creative area.
The publication made a primate expert addressed him to tell him that the experiment seemed dubious and that he wanted to know the source of it.. Michalko pointed out that it was based on a study carried out in 1967 and titled Cultural acquisition of a specific learned response among rhesus monkeys.
However, when consulting the reference, the experiment was not found, at least as it was popularized. Psychologist Bennett Jeff Galef intervened in the controversy and pointed out that the experiment seemed to be a combination of Wolfgang Köhler’s work with chimpanzees, Jacob and Cambell’s work on the arbitrariness of norms across generations in humans, and studies of Susan Mineka, clinical psychologist and professor at Weinberg College Of Arts & Sciences.
Still, the story has caught on. There is no full evidence of its authenticity, so it could well be taken as a nice metaphor. of situations that obviously occur.
The experiment
According to the popular version, the experiment begins when five monkeys are taken and locked in a cage. In it there is a small staircase, which leads to a platform on which there is a delicious bunch of bananas. Obviously, as soon as the monkeys notice it, they try to go up to eat.
However, they get an unpleasant surprise. As soon as one of the animals tries to climb, the other monkeys receive a powerful jet of cold water. In other words, when one of the animals tries to obtain satisfaction, the others are punished for it.
In a short time the primates realize how the facts operate and then they go into chaos every time one tries to climb for the coveted bananas. If one tries, the others start screaming, biting, hitting, to prevent him from doing it.. Soon, no one tries anymore.
A variation of the experiment
At that point, a variation is introduced. One of the monkeys who witnessed everything that happened is removed from his cage. In his place another ape is put who has no idea what happened. This one, of course, as soon as he sees the bananas, he tries to go to the ladder to climb and reach them.
The other monkeys, who know what can happen, hit and bite him just as they have been doing. The “newbie” monkey has no idea why they do it, but it is clear to him that this is prohibited behavior. So stop trying. When this happens, they again take out one of the monkeys that has been present throughout the episode and put another newbie monkey in the cage.
As expected, the second rookie tries to go to the ladder and take the bananas. The response of others is the same one that he has been imposing. What is striking is that the first novice monkey also participates in this response, although it had not been present when the jet was sprayed. of cold water to others. In other words: he followed the behavior of the group without having been subjected to conditioning.
More than an experiment, a parable
The lack of evidence leads us to question the reliability of these conclusions. Therefore, It is more convenient to assume it as a parablewhich leaves us with a lesson about blind obedience to the rules on the part of a group.
In fact, assuming that it really was an experiment, without questioning and investigating its sources, implies falling into the same mistake as the monkeys in the story: repeat, out of inertia and without questioning, a behavior or paradigm that could be erroneous.
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All cited sources were reviewed in depth by our team to ensure their quality, reliability, validity and validity. The bibliography in this article was considered reliable and of academic or scientific accuracy.
Gómez, S. (2019). Four versions of reports for an academy. Danzaratte: Magazine of the Superior Conservatory of Dance of Málaga, (12), 4-28.Ruiz, G., & Sánchez, N. (2014). Wolfgang Köhler’s the Mentality of Apes and the Animal Psychology of his Time. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 17, E69. doi:10.1017/sjp.2014.70 Stephenson, G. R. (1967). Cultural Acquisition of a Specific Learned Response Among Rhesus Monkeys. Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin. https://erikbuys.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/cultural-acquisition-of-a-specific-learned-response-among-rhesus-monkeys-gordon-r-stephenson.pdfJacobs, RC, & Campbell, DT (1961). The perpetuation of an arbitrary tradition through several generations of a laboratory microculture. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62(3), 649.Suárez, MG (2019). Use and abuse of animals: ethical responsibilities of Psychology. Wimb Lu, 14(2), 59-82.
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