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The family ecomap is a very interesting tool to know the state of intra- and extra-family relationships and identify the relevant areas to strengthen.
The family ecomap is an instrument for visualize in a quick and synthetic way the relationships that the family has with the environment and the cultural context. This helps identify the “extrafamilial resource network.” It is easy to prepare and offers relevant information.
One of the main contributions of this ecomap is that it allows us to recognize the shortcomings of the family system. In many cases it helps detect conflicts that require mediation. Likewise, it contributes to specifying the resources that must be sought and mobilized and the bridges that are worth building.
There are extra-familial resources that are very useful in the event of a family crisis.. It is important to recognize them and create the conditions that allow them to be used; The ecomap is one of those that facilitates the process. Likewise, in some cases, the instrument favors psychologists, as it gives clues about unidentified intra-family problems.
«In social sciences and health sciences, it is often necessary to know what environment the family of the patient or patients lives in to know what the origin of their problem is..
-Nahum Montagud Rubio-
The family ecomap, what is it?
The family ecomap is a psychosocial mechanism that allows us to get a fairly approximate, quick and simple idea of the state of family relationships., both within the group and its links with the outside. It helps to establish how the filial and affective relationships are between the members of the nucleus and what their interrelation is like with other contexts and social environments.
This tool is considered an extension of the familiogram. But the family ecomap emphasizes more on the identification of the significant networks to which the family belongs and how they impact it. Such networks are made up of people, groups or institutions linked to families.
Through this resource each member of the family You have the possibility of specifying the degree of satisfaction, closeness and connection you have with the group. Also to identify potential or mobilized conflicts present in these areas. Thanks to this information it is possible to resolve problematic situations or enrich the relationships between the family and its environment.
Ecomaps evaluate the status of all family relationships.
Prepare the family ecomap
To make the ecomap, look for a pencil and paper. It is also necessary to collect information within the family, as well as observe its internal dynamics. Then, apply the steps detailed below.
1. Prepare a family diagram
The familiogram is the graphic representation of a family. It is a structure that shows who makes up the family and how they relate to each other, in a general way. Only the basic family unit is graphed, not the extended family. The following must be taken into account:
Men are represented with a square and women with a circle. The age of each family member must be noted within the circle or square. Marriage between two family members is graphed by making a straight line between them. If there is a divorce, a diagonal is placed breaking the line that unites the spouses. To graph the children, vertical lines are made that detach from the marriage line. They are presented from left to right, from largest to smallest.
To graph the relationship between family members, it is pertinent to know the following meanings.
Conflictive relationship. A broken line.harmonious relationship. A continuous horizontal line.Close relationship. Two parallel horizontal lines.Very close relationship. Three parallel horizontal lines.Very close but conflictive relationship. Three parallel horizontal lines and above them a broken line.
These conventions are represented in diagrams where the two people to whom the relationship refers appear.
2. Additional information
In the family diagram It is possible to write down important dates or events, referring to one or more family members.. For example, deaths, the year of a divorce, significant illnesses, etc.
3. Draw the external systems
It consists of drawing circles, taking into account that Each one of them represents a person, group, institution or space with which the family interacts.. For example: grandfather, garden club, school and neighborhood. These circles are connected to the central circle, where the familyogram is.
In this case, the same conventions are used that were used to graph the relationships in the familiogram. That is, three horizontal lines, two horizontal lines, etc., as the case may be. The link can be made with one or several members, or with the entire family.
An ecomap includes information related to important dates for the entire family.
Interpretation
For obvious reasons, the family ecomap only provides general or, we would say, panoramic information about the state of the family’s relationships with its environment. However, this It is enough to have a global vision of the quality of intra- and extra-familial interactions..
Likewise, it allows establish how well the family is supported by the contexts with which it has a relationship. In this way, it is possible to know more precisely in which areas work should be done to strengthen interrelationships and provide better support.
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All cited sources were reviewed in depth by our team to ensure their quality, reliability, validity and validity. The bibliography in this article was considered reliable and of academic or scientific accuracy.
Espronceda Amor, M. (2011). Methods for studying the family: Relevance and scope of the familogram and its uses. Santiago, (125). https://santiago.uo.edu.cu/index.php/stgo/article/view/145110205López Larrosa, S., Sánchez Souto, V. & Mendiri, P. (2012). Adolescents and destructive interparental conflict: impact on the perception of the family system and differences according to the type of family, age and sex of adolescents. Universitas Psychologica, 11(4), 1255-1262. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1657-92672012000400019Suárez Cuba, M. Á. (2015). Application of the ecomap as a tool to identify extra-familial resources. La Paz Medical Journal, 21(1), 72-74.
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