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The giant tortoise of Fernandina is an endemic species of one of the islands of the Galápagos archipelago in Ecuador. The animal was considered extinct since 1906, due to the volcanic activity of the place, but, in May 2019, an expedition came across the animal.
Even though today the species of turtle is within the “critically endangered” category, the individual found is an adult, with an estimated age of 112 years. “It was an incredible moment, and we all felt an indescribable emotion,” said one of the expedition leaders.
O incredible.club felt very excited about the appearance of this historic species. Therefore, I want to share with you the great news involving the tortoise, which probably breeds in the same place.
The animal had left its marks years ago
Two clues, one found in 2006 (bites on a plant) and the other in 2015 (remains of excrement), served as the starting point for an expedition to Fernandina Island, the third largest in the Galápagos archipelago. The place has been a biosphere reserve since 1985 and led Charles Darwin to develop his famous theory of evolution of species (described in the book The Origin of Species) and that forever revolutionized science.
The expedition to find the turtle was only possible with private funding.
At the end of 2018, a team from Animal Planet got in touch with the director of the Galápagos Giant Tortoise Recovery Program, Wacho Tapia, to organize a trip to Fernandina, where they would record an episode for a series shown on the channel. Tapia, who was seeking funding for a mega-expedition in search of the animal, was excited by the idea and presented his project, noting, however, that even with all the resources, there was a huge chance that the turtle would not be found — as he himself recalls. .
The place wasn’t easy to get around, but even so, they didn’t stop trying.
Despite initial difficulties, Tapia and a team obtained the necessary permits and, in February of this year, they began their adventure. The men had only five days to record as much of Fernandina as they could. Therefore, they explored the place where a forest ranger and a researcher had found the animal’s feces four years earlier. Experts claim that analyzing the area is a complicated task, since the island, in addition to being very large, has 60% of its surface covered by lava fields.
A “bed” was the sign that they were close to the place they were looking for so much.
Turtle bedding marks
In addition, the team decided to camp near the place where the animal’s tracks had been found on one occasion. On the third day, analyzing the vegetation, the researchers came across the “bed” where the turtle slept. Immediately and with her heart racing, Tapia heard someone shout: “Turtle! Turtle!” Everyone ran and managed to visualize the female of that species until then considered extinct. “That was the most important achievement of my life, as I had been working in the conservation of turtles for 30 years. It was like winning an Oscar”, explained the leader of the expedition.
A healthy and active 112-year-old “lady”
Later, special permission was requested from the director of the Galápagos National Park to transport the tortoise to a research center in Santa Cruz. There, they began to study the animal’s diet and behavior, in addition to carrying out different blood tests. The results concluded that it was an adult female turtle measuring 55 cm. Their diet was based mainly on cacti and other plants from the island. And despite her age, she was very physically active and in excellent health.
Assessments will determine whether it is really a specimen of the species previously considered extinct.
The work did not come to an end and the expedition asked for yet another authorization, this time from the Government of Ecuador, to send blood samples from the turtle to the famous Yale University, in the United States, where there are teams and professionals trained to confirm whether the animal belongs to the same species Chelonoidis phantasticus🇧🇷
The team believes it can find more turtles like this one in the same place and on other islands in the archipelago.
Giant tortoises arrived in the Galapagos over 3 million years ago. Marine currents spread the animals across different islands of the archipelago and this led to the development of at least 15 different giant species, two of which are now extinct. “I feel hopeful, as I hope that in other places on the island, similar to where we did the search, we will find one or several other turtles,” said Tapia.
In your opinion, what does the discovery of the animal represent for science and for nature? Do you believe that there may be other individuals of the same species in the Galápagos? Comment!
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