10 Defects in the structure of the human body that bring us a lot of problems today

It is believed that the initial structure of the human being was already perfect. But evolution doesn’t create perfection, it only produces functions, says Princeton University anthropologist Alan Mann. Against the claim that we have a large number of organs that work harmoniously, he claims that our bodies also contain deficiencies. And most of them are associated with the complex process of evolution.

we from awesome.club We have gathered the 10 most obvious “problems” in the structure of the human body and, after becoming familiar with the study of gerontologists (study the aging process in its biological, psychological and social dimensions) of the United States, and also with the “List of defects of the human body” by Chip Rowe, we wondered how the situation could be remedied.

The food we eat and the air we breathe enter the body in the same way. The trachea and esophagus intersect. To prevent the introduction of food into the trachea, the epiglottis, a special organ, reflexively closes the opening of the larynx when we swallow. However, it often doesn’t work fast enough. If we talk or laugh while eating, food can slip and enter the respiratory tract. Sometimes this can be fatal.

By the way, babies are able to swallow and breathe at the same time, but over time they lose this amazing ability.

How would it be better? Let’s take whales as an example. Your larynx is located in the respiratory opening at the top of your head. If we move the larynx to the nose, we can have two independent tubes. The downside of this solution: we couldn’t talk.

We only have one set of teeth that should last a lifetime. But according to statistics, very few people manage to keep it full until old age. And our teeth don’t renew

What’s more, wisdom teeth are often useless. They were needed by our ancestors, with their longer jaws where they fit without any problem. Now, these teeth do not help us in the process of chewing food, they are rudimentary, just like the coccyx.

How would it be better? Depending on the species, a shark can have anywhere from 4 to 28 rows of teeth in its mouth, and the loss of some of them is not an issue. But to accommodate a few more, the person’s mouth should be bigger.

Photoreceptor cells in the retina are similar to rotated microphones. This position means that light has to travel the entire length of each cell, even through blood and tissues to reach the lens.

Due to the imperfection of this design, the retina tends to detach from the supporting tissues and this is one of the main causes of blindness. For that same reason, we have a blind spot: an area that is insensitive to light.

How would it be better? In many representatives of the fauna, the structure of the eye is organized differently. For example, in the retina of squid and octopus, photoreceptor cells are turned towards the light source, which makes the arrangement of their eyes much more “logical” than in humans. So it’s worth taking their example and simply “rotating” the retina.

The whole body, face and hands can withstand heavy loads and severe blows. For example, the brain is protected by a solid skull. However, the abdominal cavity, filled with vital organs, is covered by a thin layer of muscle. Therefore, it is enough to get sick for a person to suffer damage to Organs internal organs.

How would it be better? Our body can be compared to a castle surrounded by thick walls, but in the middle there is a bridge, covered with a board fence. To prevent hernias and improve the protection of the abdominal cavity, it would be good to increase the number of ribs.

Anything people wear above the waist creates pressure on the spine which as a result twists, creating an additional burden on all the internal organs. After that, chronic fatigue and back pain appear. Even with an active lifestyle, throughout life, the spine is “worn out” by weight.

To keep the body and head upright, the spine should not be straight but curved forward, that is, have an S shape. The problem is that there would be many side effects due to curvatures of this type, such as increased pressure on internal organs and blood vessels, in addition to compression
and displacement.

How would it be better? Bruce Latimer of Case University in Cleveland believes that the ideal spine is that of dogs: a continuous arch from the sacrum to the neck. There is only one disadvantage: to keep the weight of the head and not fall forward, we would have to walk on all fours, like most animals.

In the human leg there are 26 bones (30 if we count from the hip). This was necessary for our ancestors to move through trees. The man began to walk under the ground, but his legs kept moving parts and ligaments that are practically not involved in the process of walking. Because of this, we have problems such as strains, dislocations and fractures.

How would it be better? The ostrich leg is more “comfortable” and “efficient”: the ankles and femur bones are connected, have only two fingers and are involved in the movement process. Our knees should also be turned backwards, as we often experience falls or blows.

If a person loses the first phalanx of the fingertip to a certain level, the missing part will be
regenerated in 3 months. Initially, it was believed that this only happened in children, but scientist RB Borgens has shown that this phenomenon also occurs in adults. However, it is not possible to regenerate an organ or a complete limb due to the high complexity of our organism.

How would it be better? The best beings in terms of regenerating damaged limbs are newts or salamanders. They are able to restore eyes, limbs, tail and even part of the jaw with new teeth. Such an ability would definitely not be bad for us humans.

Many people don’t know how to answer the question “Why does a human need an appendix?”. And at the same time, 5 to 10% of people have had appendicitis, or inflammation of the appendix, which makes urgent surgical intervention necessary.

Charles Darwin considered the appendix to be a rudiment we inherited from our ancestors. According to this hypothesis, they needed it for certain processes that facilitated the assimilation of food.

How would it be better? At first glance, it seems that the best thing for a person would be to be born without an appendix. However, it is an immune and protective organ (although not the most obvious) and shows that in the human body there are no “spare parts”.

Childbirth has been painful in all ages of humanity, and at times it has even been a dangerous process. The fact is that women have a fairly narrow birth canal. In addition to unpleasant sensations, this increases the risk of injury during the birth of the baby. This peculiarity of the structure of the female birth canal was formed due to the rapid evolutionary development of the human being.

How would it be better? Bruce Latimer is certain that in 10,000 or even a thousand years, no woman in the developed world will give birth naturally. In a clinic, it will be possible to connect the sperm and the egg, and the parents will simply pick up the baby.

Professor Bryan Sykes believes that the male “Y” chromosomes will disappear in 125,000 years. It turns out that, unlike other chromosomes, they cannot be restored. “In each new generation, 1% of men will have a mutation that will reduce their ability to fertilize by 10%”, believes the scientist.

We must take into account the fact that with the increase in alcohol consumption, environmental pollution and constant stress, the disappearance of the “Y” chromosomes can be accelerated.

How would it be better? We have to “save” men. We really hope that, with the development of science, such a sad course of events will not be allowed. The task of “saving” the “Y” chromosome must become a priority for scientists.

Researchers add to this list the multifunctionality of Organs genitals, the inability to biosynthesize vitamin C, and even the fact that men’s vital reproductive organs are “out there” and therefore very vulnerable.

As we can see, this person looks very different, but according to gerontologists, such a structure would help to avoid many health problems. But each change has its side effects: for example, having too many ribs would deprive us of flexibility and reduce our ability to move, and the union of the leg bones would make it impossible to play football.

Do you think a person from the future might look like what scientists imagined? And if you could change something about the structure of your own body, what would you like to correct? Tell us in the comments section below!