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Ovarian cyst: causes, symptoms and treatments

Most people have heard about ovarian cysts and perhaps know a woman who has had the problem. However, there are many doubts around the subject and the biggest one is certainly in relation to its seriousness.

The good news is that ovarian cysts are not always serious. However, to understand this point, it is essential to know the difference between the different types of ovarian cysts. To subsequently know the possible symptoms and treatments for each case.

ovarian cysts

Alessandra Bedin Rubino, gynecologist at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, highlights, first, that there are different types of ovarian cysts:

  • The functional ones, which are physiological, and nothing more than ovulation;
  • Microcysts, which may be related to hormonal changes;
  • Simple cysts, which, if not normal, are ovulatory, in general, are of benign origin, often hormonal;
  • Complex cysts, which may or may not be benign.

The gynecologist highlights that the latter, yes, should be monitored more closely and even operated, depending on the case.

Incidence

Gynecologist Alessandra explains that about 40% of women can have one of the types of ovarian cyst during their lifetime: microcysts, simple cysts or complex cysts. (Since functionals are part of the normal menstruation process).

Age

A common question among women is whether there is a specific age for the problem to appear.

But gynecologist Alessandra points out that it depends on the cause. “In general, those related to hormonal changes (big or small) go throughout women’s fertile time, most often adolescence and pre-menopause,” she says.

Complex cysts vary, according to the doctor. “Endometriomas, for example, happen between 30-45 years of age, mainly. Teratoma-type cysts, at any age (they are of embryonic origin, but it is believed that it is around the age of 30 that we notice them most). Malignant ovarian tumors are more typical in older, post-menopausal women,” she explains.

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Symptoms

The gynecologist explains that ovarian cysts that are not accompanied by hormonal changes are super difficult to give symptoms. “When they do, the main thing is lower abdominal pain, menstrual cramps, etc.,” she says.

In the case of hormonal cysts, irregular menstruation is, in general, the most frequent. “But acne, hair growth, weight gain, among other symptoms, can also follow,” explains Alessandra Rubino.

When should I seek help?

Gynecologist Alessandra highlights that it is important to seek medical help as soon as a woman has any menstrual changes or feels pain, especially menstrual pain.

If the following symptoms – feeling of satisfaction as soon as you start eating; loss of appetite and involuntary weight loss – have presented themselves frequently within a two-week period, it is also worth contacting your gynecologist.

ovarian cyst treatment

Alessandra Rubino explains that ovarian cyst treatment varies depending on the cause. “Sometimes it’s done with the use of contraceptives, sometimes surgery is necessary, or else, only follow-up is done”, she says.

Is it a serious problem?

According to the gynecologist, ovarian cysts do not necessarily represent a serious health problem. “But, depending on the cause, throughout evolution, important hormonal disorders or diseases such as endometriosis can occur, which can progress, leading to chronic pain and sterility”, she highlights. Not to mention ovarian cancer which, unfortunately, is a possibility.

Prevention

According to the gynecologist, there is no way to prevent ovarian cysts from appearing. “But going to the gynecologist with a reasonable frequency is very important. Since any of the cases, including cancer, are treatable if diagnosed early,” she highlights.

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So be sure to visit your gynecologist regularly and talk to him or her about any symptoms that you have found to be different. So, be aware that cysts do not form only in the ovaries. So learn more about vaginal cyst and take care!

The information contained on this page is for informational purposes only. They do not replace the advice and follow-up of doctors, nutritionists, psychologists, physical education professionals and other specialists.

Tais Romanelli

Journalist graduated in 2009 (58808/SP), freelance writer since 2013, totally adept at working from home. Communicative, always full of topics to talk about and inspiration to write. Responsible at work and outside of it; dedicated to commitments and the people with whom she lives; in love with family, dogs, home, the sea, moments of tranquility and also excitement.

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